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Doppler Effect defines the apparent change in the frequency of sound when the observer and the medium both are in relative motion. It’s a wave phenomenon which holds not just for sound waves but also for electromagnetic waves like microwaves, visible light, and microwaves. It depends on three factors – Velocity of the source, Velocity of the medium and Velocity of the observer.
Formula
f= actual frequency of the sound wave
V = speed of the sound wave
Vo = velocity of the observer
Vs = velocity of the source